EU VAT Calculator

Standard and reduced rates across member states.

Calculate VAT for individual EU member states at standard or reduced rates, and see the spread across the union.

Written and maintained by Mohit PatelLast checked August 4, 2026How we build these

Country

Amount

Rate band

Direction

Rates change with budgets and local ballot measures, and the rate that applies depends on the delivery address and product category. Treat these as planning figures, not as a filing.

Price including Germany VAT

€119.00

€19.00 at 19%

Net€100.00

Germany VAT at 19%€19.00

Gross€119.00

Range across the EU17% to 27%

19% standard, 7% reduced for food, books and printed matter. Standard rates across the EU span 10 percentage points, so a fixed gross price sold across the union delivers materially different net revenue by country: which is exactly what OSS reporting forces you to confront.

How the EU VAT Calculator works

There is no single EU VAT rate. Standard rates run from 17% in Luxembourg to 27% in Hungary, a ten-point spread. If you hold one inclusive price across the union, that spread comes straight out of your net revenue in the higher-rate countries.

Also known as: European VAT calculator · EU VAT rates by country · cross border VAT calculator

How the figure is built

EU VAT is charged at the rate of the member state where the customer is located for B2C sales, which is the destination principle. Gross = net × (1 + destination rate), and the rate ranges from 17% to 27% across the union.

For B2B sales between member states the reverse charge normally applies: the seller charges no VAT and the customer accounts for it in their own country, provided a valid VAT number is supplied and verified.

An example

A €48.33 net product sold to consumers across the EU. In Luxembourg at 17% it is €56.55 gross. In Germany at 19%, €57.51. In the Netherlands at 21%, €58.48. In Hungary at 27%, €61.38.

Selling at a single €58 gross price across all four means the net retained varies from €49.57 in Luxembourg to €45.67 in Hungary, a 7.9% swing in what the business actually keeps.

Selling at a single net price instead means the customer-facing price varies by €4.83, which looks arbitrary to anyone comparing across borders. Neither approach is clean, and choosing between them is the central pricing decision for EU-wide selling.

Where the figure deceives

The €10,000 cross-border distance selling threshold is EU-wide and cumulative, not per country. A business selling €4,000 to France, €4,000 to Germany and €3,000 to Spain has crossed it and must charge destination rates everywhere.

Reverse charge only applies where the customer's VAT number is valid at the time of supply. Verifying it through the official system and keeping the verification record is what makes the zero-rating defensible; accepting a number at face value does not.

Acting on it

Register for the One Stop Shop once cross-border sales approach €10,000. It replaces registration in every member state with one quarterly return in your own, and it is the difference between manageable and impossible.

Then decide whether to price in gross or net terms per market and hold to it. Both are defensible; drifting between them produces a price list nobody can explain.

The rate categories that vary most

Standard rates cluster between 19% and 25%, but reduced rates are where the divergence lives. Books, food, children's clothing, medicines, cultural admissions and public transport are treated very differently across member states, with some applying super-reduced rates below 5% and others charging the standard rate.

That matters commercially for anyone selling in those categories, because the same product can carry 5% in one market and 23% in another, a 17-point difference in what a fixed gross price yields.

The practical approach is to map the rate for your specific goods in each market you sell to, rather than applying the standard rate everywhere as a conservative default. Overcharging VAT is not conservative: it is a price disadvantage and, where it was never due, a liability to refund customers who paid it.

One further point on invoicing: EU VAT invoices have prescribed content requirements, including the VAT numbers of both parties on a reverse-charge supply and an explicit statement that the reverse charge applies.

An invoice missing that statement can leave the supply treated as domestic and the VAT due from the seller, which turns a zero-rated sale into a 20% liability on margin already spent.

Where to go next

The EU VAT question rarely arrives on its own. These are the ones that usually come with it:

VAT Calculator — Add VAT or extract it, at any rate.
VAT OSS Calculator — The €10,000 threshold and what destination rates do to revenue.
Digital Goods VAT Calculator — Taxed where the customer is, with no threshold.
Etsy Fee Calculator — Every Etsy fee on one sale, itemised.

Sources

Not financial advice. Marketplace fees change, and they vary by country, plan and seller status. Every rate here is an editable default, not a quoted price, check the platform's current fee schedule before you price a product against it. This is not tax or business advice.

Frequently asked questions

Is VAT the same across the EU?

No. The EU sets a minimum standard rate of 15% and common rules for what may be reduced, but each member state sets its own rates. Standard rates currently range from 17% to 27%.

Which rate do I charge a customer in another member state?

For B2C sales above the €10,000 cross-border threshold, the customer's country rate, reported through OSS. Below it you may charge your home rate. For B2B sales to a VAT-registered business, the reverse charge usually applies and you charge nothing.

What is the reverse charge?

For cross-border B2B supplies, the customer accounts for the VAT in their own country instead of you charging it. You need a valid VAT number for them and must state the reverse charge on the invoice.

How do reduced rates work?

Member states may apply reduced rates to categories on an agreed list: typically food, books, medicines, passenger transport and some cultural services. Which categories qualify and at what rate differs by country, so the same product can be 5.5% in France and 10% in Italy.